DAVLAT-XUSUSIY SHERIKLIK LOYIHALARIDA RISKLARNI TAQSIMLASH VA FISKAL XATARLARNI BOSHQARISH MEXANIZMLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Annotatsiya
Mazkur maqolada davlat-xususiy sheriklik (DXSh) mexanizmini amalga oshirishda risklarni oqilona taqsimlash hamda davlatning bevosita va shartli fiskal majburiyatlarini boshqarishning nazariy, metodologik va amaliy asoslari tadqiq etiladi. Uzoq muddatli shartnomaviy munosabatlarda valyuta, talab (bozor), qurilish va operatsion risklarning nomutanosib taqsimlanishi davlat byudjetiga salbiy fiskal yuk orttirishi mumkin. Tadqiqotda Oʻzbekiston Respublikasida soʻnggi yillarda, xususan, energetika, transport va ijtimoiy sohalarda yoʻlga qoʻyilayotgan yirik DXSh loyihalari misolida risklar matritsasi va shartli majburiyatlarni (contingent liabilities) hisobga olish tizimi tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, xalqaro tajriba asosida davlatning fiskal barqarorligini saqlagan holda xususiy sektor investitsiyalarini kafolatlash hamda risklarni boshqarish samaradorligini oshirish boʻyicha ilmiy-amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan. Tahlil natijalari valyuta va talab risklari boʻyicha davlat kafolatlari shartli majburiyatlarning asosiy manbai ekanini koʻrsatdi. Yagona milliy risklar matritsasi standarti, shartli majburiyatlar elektron bazasi, “Value for Money” tahlilini majburiy qilish, “daromadlar darchasi” modeli va milliy valyutadagi infratuzilma obligatsiyalari taklif etildi.
Kalit so'zlar
davlat-xususiy sheriklik; risklar matritsasi; fiskal majburiyatlar; shartli xatarlar; Value for Money; investitsiyalar; byudjet barqarorligi; Oʻzbekiston.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar
- Bing, L., Akintoye, A., Edwards, P. J., & Hardcastle, C. (2005). The allocation of risk in PPP/PFI construction projects in the UK. International Journal of Project Management, 23(1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.04.006
- Bova, E., Ruiz-Arranz, M., Toscani, F., & Ture, H. E. (2016). The fiscal costs of contingent liabilities: A new dataset (IMF Working Paper No. 16/14). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2016/wp1614.pdf
- Engel, E., Fischer, R., & Galetovic, A. (2013). The basic public finance of public-private partnerships. Journal of the European Economic Association, 11(1), 83-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-4774.2012.01105.x
- Grimsey, D., & Lewis, M. K. (2002). Evaluating the risks of public private partnerships for infrastructure projects. International Journal of Project Management, 20(2), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(00)00040-5
- Hodge, G. A., & Greve, C. (2007). Public-private partnerships: An international performance review. Public Administration Review, 67(3), 545-558. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00736.x
- International Monetary Fund, & World Bank. (2019). PPP Fiscal Risk Assessment Model PFRAM 2.0: User manual. Washington, DC. https://www.imf.org/external/np/fad/publicinvestment/pdf/PFRAM2.pdf
- Irwin, T. C. (2007). Government guarantees: Allocating and valuing risk in privately financed infrastructure projects. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-6858-9
- Ke, Y., Wang, S., Chan, A. P. C., & Lam, P. T. I. (2010). Preferred risk allocation in China’s public-private partnership (PPP) projects. International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), 482-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2009.08.007
- Kun.uz. (2025, July 2). IMF: Uzbekistan’s public-private partnerships could burden future budgets. https://kun.uz/en/news/2025/07/02/imf-uzbekistans-public-private-partnerships-could-burden-future-budgets
- Polackova, H. (1998). Contingent government liabilities: A hidden risk for fiscal stability (Policy Research Working Paper No. 1989). Washington, DC: World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-1989
- World Bank, Asian Development Bank, & European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2017). Public-private partnerships reference guide (Version 3.0). Washington, DC: World Bank. https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/library/ppp-reference-guide-3-0
- Yescombe, E. R. (2007). Public-private partnerships: Principles of policy and finance. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann (Elsevier). https://shop.elsevier.com/books/public-private-partnerships/yescombe/978-0-7506-8054-7
- Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining 2019-yil 10-may OʻRQ-537-son “Davlat-xususiy sheriklik toʻgʻrisida”gi Qonuni. https://lex.uz/docs/-4329270
- Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining 2024-yil 24-dekabr OʻRQ-1011-son “2025-yil uchun Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Davlat budjeti toʻgʻrisida”gi Qonuni. https://lex.uz/docs/-7277618
- Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2024-yil 30-avgust PQ-308-son “Oʻzbekiston Respublikasida 2024-2030-yillarda davlat-xususiy sheriklikni rivojlantirish chora-tadbirlari toʻgʻrisida”gi Qarori. https://lex.uz/docs/-7089556
- Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining 2023-yil 23-oktyabr 558-son “Davlat-xususiy sheriklik loyihalaridan yuzaga kelishi mumkin boʻlgan davlatning fiskal majburiyatlarini boshqarish tartibi toʻgʻrisidagi nizomni tasdiqlash haqida”gi Qarori. https://lex.uz/docs/-6642475
- Mallayev, N., & Akmuratov, O. B. (2026). Davlat-xususiy sheriklikda risklarni taqsimlashning huquqiy asoslari va amaliy muammolari. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20826909