Abstract
The article examined short-term associations between food inflation, the exchange rate, and global food prices in Uzbekistan. Monthly observations covered January 2021 to August 2026. Dynamic regression incorporated lagged inflation, external factors with a one-month lag, and calendar seasonality. Persistence and seasonal patterns contributed substantially to describing price movements. Exchange rate changes and the FAO index provided no statistically significant additional association. Findings remained consistent when observations from 2026 were excluded. Results did not establish causality or rule out longer-term transmission. Recommendations addressed seasonal monitoring, storage, processing, logistics, product-level and regional analysis, and subsequent evaluation of forecasting performance outside the estimation sample.Keywords
food inflation, exchange rate, FAO index, inflation persistence, seasonality, dynamic regression, price transmission
References
- Al-Eyd, A., Amaglobeli, D., Shukurov, B., & Sumlinski, M. (2012). Global food price inflation and policy responses in Central Asia (IMF Working Paper No. 12/86). International Monetary Fund. https://ideas.repec.org/p/imf/imfwpa/2012-086.html
- Al Rasasi, M., & Cabezon, E. (2022). Uzbekistan’s transition to inflation targeting (IMF Working Paper No. 2022/229). International Monetary Fund. https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/001/2022/229/article-A001-en.xml
- Bobokhonov, A., Pokrivčák, J., & Rajčániová, M. (2017). The impact of agricultural and trade policies on price transmission: The case of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 26(6), 677-692. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2017.1287212
- Campa, J. M., & Goldberg, L. S. (2005). Exchange rate pass-through into import prices. Review of Economics and Statistics, 87(4), 679-690. https://doi.org/10.1162/003465305775098189
- Choudhri, E. U., & Hakura, D. S. (2006). Exchange rate pass-through to domestic prices: Does the inflationary environment matter? Journal of International Money and Finance, 25(4), 614-639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2005.11.009
- Comunale, M., & Simola, H. (2018). The pass-through to consumer prices in CIS economies: The role of exchange rates, commodities and other common factors. Research in International Business and Finance, 44, 186-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2017.07.076
- Davlatov, E., Lentner, C., & Sági, J. (2025). Analysis of inflation dynamics in post-communist economies: The case of Uzbekistan. Public Governance, Administration and Finances Law Review, 10(2), 47-68. https://doi.org/10.53116/pgaflr.8308
- Davlatov, E., & Sági, J. (2025). From plan to market price: Inflation drivers in New Uzbekistan. Public Finance Quarterly, 71(3), 44-64. https://doi.org/10.35551/PFQ_2025_3_2
- Durevall, D., Loening, J. L., & Birru, Y. A. (2013). Inflation dynamics and food prices in Ethiopia. Journal of Development Economics, 104, 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.05.002
- Emediegwu, L. E., & Rogna, M. (2024). Agricultural commodities’ price transmission from international to local markets in developing countries. Food Policy, 126, 102652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2024.102652
- FAO. (2022, April 8). FAO Food Price Index posts significant leap in March. FAO Newsroom. https://www.fao.org/newsroom/detail/fao-food-price-index-posts-significant-leap-in-march/en
- FAO. (2026). FAO Food Price Index. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/
- Fuhrer, J. C. (2010). Inflation persistence. In B. M. Friedman & M. Woodford (Eds.), Handbook of Monetary Economics (Vol. 3, pp. 423-486). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53238-1.00009-0
- Furceri, D., Loungani, P., Simon, J., & Wachter, S. M. (2016). Global food prices and domestic inflation: Some cross-country evidence. Oxford Economic Papers, 68(3), 665-687. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpw016
- Gelos, G., & Ustyugova, Y. (2012). Inflation responses to commodity price shocks - How and why do countries differ? (IMF Working Paper No. 12/225). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12225.pdf
- Gilbert, C. L., Christiaensen, L., & Kaminski, J. (2017). Food price seasonality in Africa: Measurement and extent. Food Policy, 67, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.09.016
- International Monetary Fund. (2018). Republic of Uzbekistan: 2018 Article IV consultation (IMF Country Report No. 18/117). https://www.imf.org/en/publications/cr/issues/2018/05/11/republic-of-uzbekistan-2018-article-iv-consultation-press-release-staff-report-and-statement-45873
- Kaminski, J., Christiaensen, L., & Gilbert, C. L. (2016). Seasonality in local food markets and consumption: Evidence from Tanzania. Oxford Economic Papers, 68(3), 736-757. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpw013
- Mori-Clement, Y., Bhaduri, A., & Djanibekov, N. (2014). Food price fluctuations in Uzbekistan: Evidences from local markets in 2002-2010. EAAE 2014 Congress “Agri-Food and Rural Innovations for Healthier Societies”, Ljubljana. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/183091/files/Mori_Clement-Food_price_fluctuations_in_Uzbekistan-261_a.pdf
- Poghosyan, T. (2020). Exchange rate pass-through in the Caucasus and Central Asia (IMF Working Paper No. 20/154). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/wp/2020/english/wpiea2020154-print-pdf.pdf
- Statsmodels. (2026). RegressionResults.get_robustcov_results: HAC covariance, Bartlett kernel, small-sample correction and t inference. https://www.statsmodels.org/stable/generated/statsmodels.regression.linear_model.RegressionResults.get_robustcov_results.html
- Statsmodels. (2026). acorr_breusch_godfrey: Lagrange multiplier test for residual autocorrelation. https://www.statsmodels.org/stable/generated/statsmodels.stats.diagnostic.acorr_breusch_godfrey.html
- Svanidze, M., Götz, L., Djuric, I., & Glauben, T. (2019). Food security and the functioning of wheat markets in Eurasia: A comparative price transmission analysis for the countries of Central Asia and the South Caucasus. Food Security, 11(3), 733- 752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-019-00933-y
- Taylor, J. B. (2000). Low inflation, pass-through, and the pricing power of firms. European Economic Review, 44(7), 1389-1408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2921(00)00037-4
- Tiunova, M. (2018). Modeling the transfer effect of exchange rate on prices in Russia. Finance: Theory and Practice, 22(3), 136-154. https://ideas.repec.org/a/scn/financ/y2018i3p136-154.html
- World Bank. (2022). Uzbekistan: Review of agriculture strategy implementation in 2020 and 2021. World Bank. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099235005262218526/pdf/P1777350ef54ee03f0abb302afebb4015e9.pdf
- Национальный комитет Республики Узбекистан по статистике. Динамика индекса потребительских цен по КИПЦ-2018 к предыдущему месяцу (SIAT, код 1.11.01.0002): данные и метаданные [Электронный ресурс] (дата обращения: 30.09.2026). https://siat.stat.uz/data/1286/?lang=ru
- Центральный банк Республики Узбекистан. Архив официальных валютных курсов и описание полей опубликованных данных [Электронный ресурс] (дата обращения: 30.09.2026). https://cbu.uz/en/arkhiv-kursov-valyut/veb-masteram/
- Центральный банк Республики Узбекистан. Обзор денежно-кредитной политики. II квартал 2024 года. Ташкент, 2024 (дата обращения: 30.09.2026). https://cbu.uz/upload/medialibrary/882/oqbgkkdgklasqbj960bs4ylhuyb3j9t2/2024q2.pdf
- Центральный банк Республики Узбекистан. Основные направления денежно-кредитной политики на 2026 год и период 2027-2028 годов. Ташкент, 2025. https://cbu.uz/upload/medialibrary/18b/81kotkpztcyvwsu3lds0w0sd2v2ueme0/Osnovnye_napravleniya_2026_2028_RUS_red_.pdf
- Постановление Кабинета Министров Республики Узбекистан от 16 апреля 2024 г. № 204 «О дополнительных мерах по внедрению рыночных механизмов в топливно-энергетическую сферу». https://lex.uz/docs/6887311
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.